Impact of Periodontal Therapy and Adjunctive Omega-3 plus Aspirin on Quality of Life in Patients with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes

Authors: Nidia C Castro dos Santos, Naira MRB Andere, Cassia F Araujo, Belen Retamal-Valdes, Frederico C Martinho, Alpdogan Kantarci, Thomas E Van Dyke, Magda Feres and Mauro P Santamaria

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the impact of periodontal therapy on oral health-related quality of life (QoL) measures (OHRQoL) in patients with periodontitis and diabetes. Materials and methods: Patients with stages III and IV, generalized, grades B and C periodontitis and diabetes were assessed for OHRQoL using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 at baseline and after 6 months of periodontal therapy. The patients were randomly selected to receive placebo after periodontal debridement (n=29), omega (ω)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and aspirin (ASA) after periodontal debridement (n=25), or ω-3 PUFA and ASA before periodontal debridement (n=24). Mean OHIP-14 scores and prevalence of answers were compared, and stepwise logistic regression was used to measure the relationship between OHIP-14 scores and covariables. Results: OHIP-14 significantly decreased after therapy indicating improved QoL. Logistic regression revealed that the covariables “treatment protocol” (placebo), “number of pockets with probing depth ≥5mm” (>14), and “mean PD” (>3.3mm) were significant predictors of higher OHIP-14 scores at 6 months after periodontal therapy. Periodontal therapy improved OHRQoL for patients with periodontitis and diabetes after 6 months. The presence of periodontal pockets at 6 months post-therapy was associated with reduced QoL. Conclusions: These findings show the positive impact of periodontal treatment on QoL of people with diabetes.

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